Complication risks for HIV-positive individuals undergoing invasive dental procedures are no more common than those for HIV-negative individuals
Summary
Studies
Two sets of search terms for HIV infection and dental procedures were used on MEDLINE and EMBASE to locate 767 articles. Further selection according to research design was made; then inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify all the primary studies of the highest level of evidence. A summary quality score for each study was established by assessing 3 attributes: research design, data analysis, and measurement and validity. Five articles fulfilled the criteria, 1 that evaluated postendodontic therapy complications and 4 that evaluated postextraction complications.
Suspected Etiology
HIV.
Main Outcome Measure
Postoperative complications associated with invasive dental procedures.
Results
The endodontic article reported exceedingly low complication rates in HIV-positive individuals as compared with nonexistent rates in HIV-negative individuals. The extraction studies reported unadjusted complication rates in the HIV-negative group ranging from 2.9% to 13.9%, compared with rates of 3.0% in the HIV-positive groups. However, when the results were adjusted for age, preoperative antibiotic coverage, and tobacco use, the difference in complication rates was no longer statistically significant.
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Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry New Orleans, USA
ABSTRACT